4.1 History of Novel

Std 12 English

Graphical Short notes on 4.1 History of Novel

Click Here for 1.2 On Saying 'Please'

Activities  on History of Novel

Q. 5 A Complete the activities given below as per the instructions. (4 Marks)

(Answers are given in italic.)

1. Choose the correct alternative and rewrite the sentence:

i. Eighteenth century gifted mankind with….

a) Drama and poetry

b) Novel and drama

c) Poetry and novel

d) Novel and periodical essays

ii. Novel soon became dominant literary genre as it ….

a) Helped people to live a more purposeful life.

b) Caught the intellectual, sentimental and realistic spirit.

c) grew gradually and gained popularity.

d) All of these.

iii. Indian writers in English Novel initially wrote about the theme of …..

a) Domestic violence.

b) Nationalistic and Social virtues.

c) Scientific theories.

d) Psychological insights.

iv. Gothic novel contains …….

a) Terror and supernatural.

b) Mystery and thriller.

c) Horror and haunted buildings.

d) All of these.

v. Strike out the unnecessary

Detective fiction is ….

a) A sub-genre of crime fiction.

b) Agatha Christie mastered the art of crime fiction.

c) Detectives can be professional or amateur.

d) Protagonist is a necessarily an eccentric person.

2. Fill in the blanks by choosing correct alternative.

1) A novel is relatively a …………narrative.

(Short / long /descriptive)

2) English word ‘Novel’ is derived from the Italian word …….

(Novella, Novelle, Novellus)

3) Geoffrey Chaucer wrote …….

(Morte De Arthur, The Canterbury Tales, Tale of Genji)

4) The Tale of Genji by Muraski Shikabu was published in the year ……

(1010, 1605, 1050, 1600)

5) ‘The Pilgrims Progress’ is a Novel written by …..

(John Bunyan, Aphra Behn, Daniel Defoe)

6) ……is the pioneer of the ‘Stream of Consciousness’ novel.

(Agatha Christie, Jane Austen, Virginia Woolf)

7) The first Indian English novel ‘Rajmohan’s wife’ was written by …

(Mulkraj Anand, R.K.Narayan, Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya)

8) Joseph Conrad wrote the novella named as …….

(Billy Budd, The Heart of Darkness, Pearl)

9) Science fiction is a genre of speculative fiction dealing with.........

(Futuristic settings, death and decay, earlier period than of writing)

10) The famous trio of Indian writers is …………

(Mulkraj Anand, R.K.Narayan, Raja Rao / Amitav Ghosh, Manohar Malgaonkar, Mulkraj Anand / Amitav Ghosh ,R.K.Narayan,Arvind Adiga)

3. Chronological Order

1. Write in chronological order

a) Murasaki Shikibu’s Tale of Genji 3

b) Greek Romances 1

c) The appearance of magazines and newspapers 4

d) Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales 2

Ans: a) Greek Romances b) Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales c) Murasaki Shikibu’s Tale of Genji d) The appearance of magazines and newspapers 

2. Write in chronological order

a) Industrial Revolution 1

b) Drama and Poetry started fading away 4

c) Novel gained popularity 3

d) The rise of middle class 2

Ans : a) Industrial Revolution b) The rise of middle class c) Novel gained popularity d) Drama and Poetry started fading away

3. Given below are some novels, events and writers of Indian English. Arrange them in chronological order.

a) Rise of famous Indian Trio 2

b) Nayantara Sahgal, Arun Joshi, Manohar Malgaonkar 3

c) Arundhati Roy, Kiran Desai, Kiran Nagarkar 4

d) Rajmohan’s Wife by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya 1

Ans : a) Rajmohan’s Wife by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyaya b) Rise of famous Indian Trio c) Nayantara Sahgal, Arun Joshi, Manohar Malgaonkar d) Arundhati Roy, Kiran Desai, Kiran Nagarkar

4. Given below are some Novels in English literature. Arrange them in their order of their

appearance.

a) The Pilgrim’s Progress and Oroonaku 3

b) Ecologues and Morte De Arthur 1

c) Pamela and Gulliver’s Travels 4

d) The Tale of Genji and Don Quxiote 2

Ans : a) Ecologues and Morte De Arthur b) The Tale of Genji and Don Quxiote c) The Pilgrim’s Progress and Oroonaku d) Pamela and Gulliver’s Travels

4. State whether the following sentences are True or False

1. Novel is recognized as the most dominant literary genre in modern times. True

2. A Novel is relatively a short narrative. False

3. ‘Tale of Genji’ is described as world’s first novel. True

4. Middle class people had a little interest in romances and tragedies. True

5. Novel gave voice to the aspirations and longings of middle class. True

6. The women novelists haven’t contributed significantly in English Literature. False

7. Novella is greater in length than Novel. False

8. Setting doesn’t affect plot or characters. False

9. The struggle in opposite forces in a story is called as conflict. True

10. Epistolary Novel is a series of correspondence, other documents and diary entries as well. True

5. Match the following

6. Complete the sentence:

1. The Periodical Essay and Novel are the gifts of ………… .

(18 th century/ 17 th century /19 Th century)

2. A Novel is relatively a ………….

(a short narrative fiction/ a long narrative fiction / a fiction of moderate length)

3. The industrial revolution gave birth to ……… .

(poor class/ middle class/ rich class)

4. Appearance of newspaper in 18 th century attracted a large number of readers from

……….. (poor class/ middle class/ rich class)

5. Rise of Novel as a literary genre resulted in lowering the importance of ………………

(poetry/ drama/ Drama and Poetry)

6. Salman Rushdie, V. S. Naipaul, Kazuo Ishigura are ………..

(Indian authors/ immigrant authors/ writers of Indian origin)

Online Test

2.6 Money : Activity Sheet

 

Click here for Textual Activities
Q.3 (A) Read the given extract and complete the activities given below: (10) 

When I had money, money,

 O! I knew no joy till I went poor; 

For many a false man as a friend 

Came knocking all day at my door. 

Then felt I like a child that holds

  A trumpet that he must not blow

  Because a man is dead; I dared 

Not speak to let this false world know. 

Much have I thought of life, and seen

  How poor men's hearts are ever light;

 And how their wives do hum like bees

  About their work from morn till night.

 So, when I hear these poor ones laugh,

 And see the rich ones coldly frown

  Poor men, think I, need not go up

  So much as rich men should come down. When I had money, money,

 O! My many friends proved all untrue;

 But now I have no money,

 O! My friends are real, though very few.

Set A

A1 Complete the web (02)

A2 Complete the sentences. (02)

 1) The poet wanted to become poor because ……… 

2) The poet doesn’t want to speak to this fake world……………….…… 

A3 ‘Can we live without money’ write your view’s about this statement. (02) 

A4 Complete the following table. (02) .

Stanza	Rhyming scheme	Rhyming words
Stanza 1	......	......
Stanza 2	......	......

A5 Compose four lines on ‘friendship’.

 Set B 

Q. 1 A Read the extract and do all the activities given below.

A1 Match the pairs.

Column A	Column B
1. When he had money	a. his friends were real.
2. He felt like a child	b. hum like bees .
3.Poor men's wives	c. that holds a trumpet but can't blow.
4. When he had no money	d. his friends were false.

 

A2. The poet found real happiness when he had no money. Elaborate.

A3. Give your opinion about ' Happiness can't be bought with money.'

A4. ' Much have I thought of life.' Name the figures of speech and find another similar example.

A5. Convert the following sentences into poetic lines.

1. I was a poor man.

2. Because I had no work.

A1 Complete the web

A2 Ans 1) The poet wanted to become poor because he is fed up with false friends.

2) The poet doesn’t want to speak to this fake world because he is bound to behave according to their wishes.

A3. Ans: Though money is not everything in life, we need money to meet with basic needs. These basic needs are ever increasing. Along with food, shelter and clothing, education and health also are our basic needs. We need money to buy these.

A4 .

Stanza	Rhyming scheme	Rhyming words
Stanza 1	abcb	poor-door
Stanza 2	abcb	blow-know

A5 

                            Friendship 

Friends are breeze in summer 

Friends are cheese in hunger.

Answers Set  B 

Column A	Column B
1. When he had money	d. his friends were false.
2. He felt like a child	c. that holds a trumpet but can't blow.
3.Poor men's wives	b. hum like bees.
4. When he had no money	a. his friends were real.

.

A2. When the poet had money many false friends gathered around him. He could not enjoy the real happiness and joy. The importance of money was realised when he lost the money. But that was real happiness for him because he had true friends around him.

A3. It is rightly said that happiness can't be bought with money. Happiness is a state of mind. It is achieved with contentment. With money one can buy mattress but not rest.

A4. Inversion: The line is not in a prose order. The correct order is - I have thought much of life.

Another example of inversion - Then felt I like a child that holds.

A5. A poor man was I

Because no work had I.

Textual Activities 

Poetic Appreciation: 2.6 Money 

The poem ‘Money’ is written by William H. Davies, a Welsh poet. After several years of a wandering life, he published his volume of poems. The poem ‘Money’ tells us about the rich man who wants to be a poor man to find real happiness. It is when we do not have money or have lost our money, we realize how important the money is. There are five stanzas of four lines each. The poet has maintained the particular rhyming pattern in the first four stanzas. The second line rhymes with the fourth line. He has made use of repetition skilfully. Poetic devices like inversion, simile, onomatopoeia and antithesis made the effective. The poem is closely associated with the modern world. The underlying message in the poem is money cannot give you eternal happiness.

Novel Genre

2.5 Father Returning Home

Click/ for Prose Section 

 Watch the power point presentation to understand the poem Father Returning Home.

 

Question Bank Activity

Father Returning Home

Home again, I see him drinking weak tea,

Eating a stale chapati, reading a book.

He goes into the toilet to contemplate

Man's estrangement from a man-made world.

Coming out he trembles at the sink,

The cold water running over his brown hands,

A few droplets cling to the greying hairs on his wrists.

His sullen children have often refused to share

Jokes and secrets with him. He will now go to sleep

Listening to the static on the radio, dreaming

Of his ancestors and grandchildren, thinking

Of nomads entering a subcontinent through a narrow pass. wrists.

A1 Complete the given flowchart about father’s activities at home. (02) 

Drinking weak tea , eating stale chapati 

                            ⬇️

....,............................................

                            ⬇️

.........................,...................................

                            ⬇️

Listening to the static on the radio

Ans : Drinking weak tea , eating stale chapati 

                            ⬇️

Contemplating in toilet

                            ⬇️

Trembling at the sink while cleaning hands

                            ⬇️

Listening to the static on the radio

A2 Find the lines to highlight the relation of children and father. (02)

a) His sullen children have often refused to share

Jokes and secrets with him.

b) Home again, I see him drinking weak tea,

Eating a stale chapati.

A3 Would you like to celebrate ‘Father’s day’? If yes how/ If not why? (02)

Ans : No, I don't like to celebrate 'Father's Day' . For me every day is a parent's day. Celebrating one day in their name and not respecting on all other days is not a wise idea. Instead of celebrating one day I prefer to listen to them and talk to them. I want to be there whenever they need me. 

A4 Name the figure of speech(Poetic Device) in the following line and give one more example. (02)

“coming out he trembles at the sink”

Ans : Hyperbole - The statement is exaggerated.

A5 (Poetic Creativity)Read the following lines and add two poetic lines to rhyme with line. (02)

He will now go to sleep

Listening to static on the radio

……………………………………………….

Ans : He will now go to sleep

Listening to static on the radio

With vibrant audio

Till he gets sound sleep.

Activity Sheet No 2

Q. 1 A Read the extract and do all the activities given below.

A1. Complete the web chart.

A2. Find the lines to prove the facts from the poem.

a. Father is isolated from the society and family.

b. Generation Gap

A3. Write a character sketch of your father.

A4. Find examples of transferred epithet and synecdoche.

A5. Replace the words from the following lines and rewrite :

Home again, I see him drinking weak tea

Eating a stale Chapati, reading a book.

Click the "Hide/Show" button to toggle between hiding and showing the answers:

Answers

A.1

Bag stuffed with books falling apart

Raincoat stained with mud

Sticky Chappals

Soggy shirts and pants

Dimmed eyes

Unseeing eyes

A2.a. Father is isolated from the society and family. " Like a word dropped from a long sentence "

b. Generation Gap " His sullen children have often refused to share jokes and secretes with him "

A3. My father is a farmer. He works very hard. He wears paijama and kurta. His hands became rough with hard work. He works in the field.

A4. Transferred epithet: humid monsoon night- The adjective humid is transferred from weather to night.

Synecdoche : eating a stale Chapati - Chapati stands for food, the part symbolises whole.

A5. Home again, I see him drinking strong coffee

Eating fresh food, writing a story.

Brainstorming Activities

Write a poetic appreciation of the poem 2.5 ‘Father Returning Home’ with the help of the following points.

·       About the poem / poet and the title.   

·       The theme

·       Poetic Style

·       Language /Poetic devices

·       Special features

·       Message, values, morals in the poem

·       Your opinions about the poem

Dilip Chitre was a celebrated bilingual poet. He was a translator with a remarkable work in Marathi and English.

The poem ’Father Returning Home’ is taken from ‘Traveling in a cage’- by Dilip Chitre. It draws a portrait of a suburban father as commuter.

The poem depicts dull and monotonous routine of father. The father is alienated in his home. His children refuse to share their joys and sorrows with the hardworking father. This painful loneliness is a symbol of man’s isolation from the materialistic man-made world.

The poem has no regular rhyming words and rhyme scheme. The poem is divided into two stanzas. In the first stanza the vivid description of father as a commuter draws the attention. In the second stanza his painful loneliness at home is shown. Simile, alliteration, onomatopoeia and synecdoche, transferred epithet are the striking figures of speech used in the poem.

                       The underlying message of the poem generation gap in the modern age has created disrespect for the elders. In spite of all the odds the father devote his life for the children.

 

2.4 Have You Earned Your Tomorrow

See the power point presentation to understand the meaning of the poem. Q.3 (A) Read the given extract and complete the activities given below: (10)